Tag: IBF

A curious case of Inflationary Adjustment conducted by #TRAI #Telecom #Regulatory #Authority in India, for some mysterious reasons, which had only benefited select business entities in India and abroad, with more than Rs.10,000 Crores wrongly collected from #IndianConsumers

Important list of dates and associated events:

  • On April 30th 2012 TRAI comes out with DAS interconnect Regulation, keeping the tariff for cable television services under forbearance (Self Control) under this TRAI Regulation No. 09 of 2012.

TRAI DAS Interconnect Regulation DAS 30.04.2012

  • In February 2014 TRAI approached the Hon’ble Supreme Court of India and filed an Interlocutory Application (I.A.) Nos. 71-75 of 2014 in CA no. 829-833 of 2009 in the ongoing case of TRAI Vs Set Discovery and Ors, and sought permission of the Hon’ble Court to review the Tariff Order as there are industry demands for the same, as no inflationary hike had been permitted since 2009.The Hon’ble Supreme Court allowed this IA based on and submissions made by TRAI and in its order dated 28th February 2014 held as under:

“On going through the averments in these applications, the Appellate Authority is permitted to review the tariff ceiling to make adjustment for inflation and notify the same, in exercise of its powers conferred under section 11(2) of the TRAI Act, 1997”

  • Thereafter only, without following the due consultation process the TRAI notified THE TELECOMMUNICATION (BROADCASTING AND CABLE) SERVICES (SECOND) TARIFF (ELEVENTH AMENDMENT) ORDER, 2014 on 31st March, 2014. Giving effect to the increase of 27.5 per cent which was allowed in two installments i.e. vide Eleventh Amendment, 15% increase was allowed w.e.f. 01.04.2014 and a second installment of further 12.5% increase was allowed vide Thirteenth Amendment w.e.f. 01.01.2015 vide this Telecommunication  (Broadcasting & Cable) Services (Second) Tariff Amendment Order 2014  (hereinafter referred to as (TAO) dated 31.12.2014 –

TRAI 11th (TAO) 31.03.2014

TRAI 13th (TAO) 31.12.2014   

  • An Appeal was made in the Hon’ble TDSAT on this arbitrary TAO issued by TRAI dated  31.03.2014 The Appellants inter-alia contended that such increase in tariff is arbitrary and  without jurisdiction and affects the entire broadcasting sector, having the cascading effect against the interest of individual TV viewers / consumers. That in view of the arbitrary increase in tariff made by the TRAI, the Hon’ble TDSAT vide its order dated 29.05.2014 directed all the stake-holders to maintain a separate account in regard to the collection on the basis of the Eleventh T.A.O., so that if the said appeal succeeds upon the final adjudication of the increased tariff issue, the individual subscribers making an excess payment in terms of the Eleventh T.A.O. could be entitled to adjust for the succeeding month(s) from the respective LCO’s/MSO’s, the LCO’s be entitled for adjustment from MSO’s and the MSO’s be entitled for adjustment from the broadcasters.

TDSAT Order of 29.05.2014

Thereafter a judgment dated 28.04.2015 was delivered by the Hon’ble TDSAT in this Appeal, with the following observations made, those are reproduced below:

…… The entire increase is arbitrary as it is on an ad-hoc and interim fixation, as such itself arbitrary in the first place. The increase is otherwise also wholly arbitrary and suffers from non-application of mind.

The impugned tariff order has been issued in complete violation of section 11(4) and there is no transparency whatsoever in the process adopted by the TRAI.

 Before we conclude, we think that TRAI will be well advised to have a fresh look at the various tariff orders in a holistic manner and come out with a comprehensive tariff order in supersession of all the earlier tariff orders. While doing so, it may consider all the agreements and relevant data available with it. It may consider differentiating between content which is of a monopolistic nature as against that the like of which is shown by other channels also. It may also consider classifying the content into premium and basic tiers. It may identify the major cost components so that increase or decrease in such costs may be suitably factored while working out the inflationary hikes. Increase in costs of such components as may be available in indexes such as WPI, GDP deflator etc. can then be applied. While working out the tariffs, the effort should be to encourage a correct declaration of SLR. While carrying out the exercise, it may take the inputs from various stakeholders and give a reasoned order for accepting or rejecting the same. We want to be amply clear that the above are only some suggestions and TRAI being an expert body may arrive at suitable tariffs independently; it is up to it to consider the above and/or any other factors…..

 Final Order dated 28.04.2015 passed by the Hon’ble TDSAT

  • This final order dated 28.04.2015 was challenged by the Indian Broadcasting Foundation and other Pay TV broadcasters before the Hon’ble Supreme Court of India, in Civil Appeal No(s). 5159 – 5164 of 2014, 5277-5282 of 2015, 5289-5294 of 2015, 5352-5357 of 2015 and 5283-5288 of 2015 wherein the Appellants were made the Respondents. However, the Hon’ble Supreme Court, after hearing all the parties, refused to interfere with the order of remand dated 28.04.2015 passed by this Hon’ble TDSAT in Appeal no. 1(C) to 6(C) of 2014 and directed the TRAI to review the tariff orders in a holistic manner and come out with a comprehensive tariff order in supersession of all the earlier tariff order. The Hon’ble Supreme court also directed the Respondents therein to not to insist for the refund of the amount collected by the pay TV broadcasters till the matter is finally adjudicated and dismissed the said appeals filed by various pay TV broadcasters and IBF vide order dated 04.08.2015.

Hon’ble Supreme Court Judgement / Order dated 04.08.2015

  • That after considering various factors regarding the fixation of tariff and in the light of the directions contained in the final order dated 28.04.2015 passed by this Hon’ble TDSAT and the order dated 04.08.2015 passed by the Hon’ble Supreme Court of India, the TRAI came to the conclusion that no inflationary increase is required and published the said decision vide Press Release No. 28/2016 dated 09.05.2016.

TRAI Press Release No 28 of 2016 dated 09.05.2016

  • As there is a mention of GDP Deflator and refers to an Industry representation, in this TRAI Press Release No.28 of 2016 issued by TRAI on 09.05.2016 “This was done as per industry demand as no inflationary hike had been permitted since 2009.” , basis which  the Eleventh and Thirteenth T.A.O. were notified. Hence a detailed representation was sent, addressed to the Chairperson of TRAI   Mr. Ram Sewak Sharma with the following prayers made :

PRAYERS

We claim following reliefs that TRAI must:-

  1. withdraw the 2nd amendment dated 01.12.2004, 3rd amendment dated 29.11.2005, 8th amendment dated 4.10.2007 and 9th amendment dated 26.12.2008 and
  2. Roll back the price ante 26.12.2003 by reducing the same by 80% in the interim while progressing with the cost based tariff. (stake holders reasonably expect that when cost has gone down then price as on 26.12.2003 be reduced by 80% in the interim)
  3. Provide copy of GDP Deflator referred in Press Note No : 28 of 2016
  4. Provide copy of Industry Representation based on which 11th and 13th Amendment to Second Tariff Order was notified
  5. Notify the cost based tariff at the earliest

Copy of Detailed Representation made to CP TRAI dated 12.08.2016

  • As there was no response / reply received on this detailed representation made to CP TRAI ”  Chairperson, Telecom Regulatory Authority of India”  even though after repeated reminders sent, eventually a RTI request was made to CPIO  TRAI  and the following information was sought from the CPIO TRAI :
  1. In case the expert body TRAI have made an indicative or experimental GDP deflator please provide details of the same, or was it the same GDP deflator as made by Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation (India). As for the purpose of Telecommunication services and the same must be revealed with complete details.
  2. We request you that the representation made by the Industry be revealed to us. In case the industry is also permitted to make oral demand which can be easily complied with by TRAI, please provide all the details.

“The Ld. Central Public Information Officer (CPIO) refused to provide information by referring to irrelevant, incomplete information such as the copy of GDP Deflator prepared by the expert body TRAI   the data for analysis of GDP Deflator was taken from website of World Bank, which is available in public domain”

  • Thereafter a RTI appeal was made to the RTI Appellant Authority in TRAI  but the requested information was not provided for some mysterious / unknown reasons.  Hence a second appeal was eventually made to the “CIC” Central Information Commission ” on 12.05.2017 on the grounds that information should be provided.
  • This said complaint / appeal made to  CIC finally came up for the hearing on 07.03.2018 and upon hearing the Appellant  and Respondent (TRAI)  an order was passed

Central Information Commission order dated 07.03.2018

This said order passed by CIC was not complied to by TRAI  hence a complaint was made on 24.03.2018

Complaint Dated 24.03.2018 made to CIC

Only thereafter  CPIO  TRAI made a compliance to this order passed by CIC vide its compliance made on 17.04.2018

TRAI compliance to CIC order dated 17.04.2018

  • Pertinent to mention here , that no where in this only  ” Industry Representation” made by IBF to TRAI  ” it says that  the tariff for television services be increased as no inflationary hike had been permitted since 2009″ moreover it only states therein to keep the tariff for cable television services under forbearance (Self Control) ” (as it was already under forbearance since 2012)  and TRAI should conduct a comprehensive tariff consultation exercise.

This arbitrary tariff hike made by TRAI vide its TAO issued on 31.03.2014, have resulted in an unjust enrichment to few pay TV broadcaster (Members of IBF) and their directly and indirectly aligned  DPOs (Distribution Platform Operators) where more than Rs. 10,000 Crores have been wrongly collected  from the consumers of television services and the same have still not been adjusted / refunded to the Cable TV and DTH consumers/ subscribers in the country.

  • Moreover, very interestingly  when representations were made to this regulatory authority TRAI  to take an appropriate action for facilitating  adjustment or refund of this huge an amount, wrongly been collected from the Consumers / Subscribers of television services in the country,  on account of these arbitrary TAO s  issued without any application of mind, in a hurry when the entire nation was undergoing its 16th Lok Sabha general elections and an election commission code of conduct was already in place w.e.f 14.02.2014.

This is the response of the Regulator, TRAI received on various representations made to them :

TRAI reply received dated 13.07.2016 on various  Representations made

The TRAI vide its this letters dated 13.7.2016  has replied that “In the above TDSAT order of 29.05.2014, the Hon’ble TDSAT has not given any direction to TRAI. Therefore TRAI has nothing to say in this regard. In view of the above, you are free to approach the appropriate forum in this regard.

PrasarBharati losing huge potential advertisement revenue due to the increasing number of private TV channels on DD-Freedish DTH

Doordarshan channels were launched in India to disseminate news regarding matter of national and international importance as well as cultural programs and entertainment throughout the country. Doordarshan channels are funded from tax payers money by way of huge grants/subsidies received from Government of India. Government grant to the tune of about Rs 2400 crores were given in FY2014-15. Because of the inherent limitation of the obsolete terrestrial mode of transmission along with the cable operators’ reluctance to carry DD channels on their network due to the increasing popularity of private TV channels, the ‘must carry’ regulation was put in place by Government for compulsory carriage of all DD channels by the cable operators, DPOs

However, cable operators were still reluctant to carry all channels of DD on their network. As a result DD- Freedish DTH was launched in 2002 to ensure maximum access and reach of all the DD channels across TV households in the country including rural and remote areas. In fact recently launched TV channels (more than two dozen)of Ministry of HRD are not carried by any private distribution platform as same is not been mandated by any regulation.

What started as a good initiative was soon lost in sight as DD-Freedish began commercialization of its services by auctioning the slots to private channels thus resulting in private broadcasters capturing majority of the capacity and thereby increasing their reach at a very negligible rate. As a result relegating the interest of PrasarBharati and Doordarshan to the backburner.

A review of the ratings of Channels on DD-Freedish indicates that the ratings of Doordarshan are not even 10% of the ratings of the private broadcasters. The top rated 15 channels on DD-Freedish platform have ratings which range from 50-80 almost all of them are private TV channels. The DD channels languish at ratings of zero to 3 meaning that the DD channels are going unwatched. For this reason they also are losing hundreds of crores on advertising revenue, as the advertising revenues are dependent on viewership ratings.

The private broadcasters, while paying an average of about Rs 6-8 Crores per annum to DD-Freedish are now earning Rs 500-700 Crores per channel in advertising revenues due to the high reach obtained via DD-Direct while relegating DD channels to the category of unwatched channels, DD losing hundreds of crores in its own potential advertising revenues. The cause of DD is being sold out to private channels for a pitiful revenue of about Rs 98 crores (2014-15), Rs 180 crores (2015-15), Rs 275 crores (2016-17) barely covering the expenses, but on the other hand the loss per channel to DD is unmeasured, but estimated at over Rs 700-Rs 800 crores. Also by paying merely about Rs 200 crores as carriage fee the private broadcasters are earning about Rs 2000crores as advertisement revenues collectively from their FTA channels.

Moreover, private broadcaster leverage their respective Free-to Air (FTA) channels, on the DD-Freedish platform, to promote the programming of their pay channels at no cost to the broadcaster and no financial benefits accruing to PrasarBharati in the form of potential advertisement revenue.

It is evident from the viewership data that by pole-vaulting private channels to GRPs of 50-75, its own channels have been relegated to virtually no viewership as the ratings of Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha indicate (Zero ratings). Even DD-News run as a national news channel has a rating of just 3, which is 20 times lower than that those of a private channel n the same platform. The viewership have seen a steep decline. According to Broadcast Audience Research Council (BARC) India, DD National no longer finds a place among the 10 most-watched Hindi general entertainment channels in the urban and rural viewership matrix. Among the top three channels in the rural markets are Zee Anmol, Sony Pal and Star Utsav. In 2015, DD National garnered 115 million impressions on an average, according to BARC India, while the most-viewed television channels like Star Plus, Colors and Zee TV, on an average, command anywhere between 400 million and 700 million impressions every year.

Pertinent to also mention that “ It is difficult to imagine that the country’s television measurement system is being controlled by select TV broadcasters, advertising agencies, pay TV channel aggregators and large FMCG companies  – all having a direct stake in the outcomes and hence a strong motive to manipulate the ratings to their advantage. The fact that Star India sits on the Board of Directors while its’ channel, Star Plus, has been rated No. 1 in Hindi GEC for over more than a decade, does merit investigation and inspection into the methodology and the working of BARC the only Television Audience Measurement system in the country.

No efforts have been made by PrasarBharati management to improve the programming of DD channels. It is also understood that some leading production houses like Balaji Telefilms had evinced interest in the auction, but Doordarshan decided to scrap it, citing shortcomings etc., in the applications. The broadcaster had received many applications from production houses, including Ekta Kapoor-promoted Balaji Telefilms and Optymistix Entertainment Pvt. Ltd, which produces Comedy Nights Live on Colors, in the first round of the application process. As a result of this DD channels have very low advertisement from private sectors and heavily depending on Government and public sector department advertisements.

According to recent media reports which indicate that the Star TV group with a planning to launch of ‘Star Sports First’ in the free to air (FTA) genre,  will target people who do not have access to pay television and have only watched sports content on Doordarshan. If this happens then advertisement revenue of DD channels will further reduce significantly. Doordarshan has seen its advertisement revenue decline from Rs911.01 crore in 2014-15 to Rs755.79 crore in 2015-16. In the past four years, its revenue has slipped by 26%, from Rs1, 025.78 crore in 2012-13 to Rs755.79 crore in 2015-16.

It is therefore necessary that immediate corrective steps should be taken and a policy regarding limiting the DD-Freedish slots to private TV broadcasters should be brought out immediately. Necessary action should also be initiated to check the reason for declining advertisement revenue of DD channels. In fact PrasarBharati should immediately take corrective measures to increase the advertisement revenue of DD.

Advt Sales FY 16-17

In India, the task of television audience measurement is entrusted to Broadcast Audience Research Council (BARC), a body promoted by the Indian Broadcasting Foundation (IBF) which is primarily formed to protect and promote interests of pay TV Broadcasters; along with the Indian Society of Advertisers (ISA) and the Advertising Agencies Association of India (AAAI), IBF holds majority i.e. 60% equity in BARC.

The BARC Board of Directors is comprised of the CEOs and MDs of Star India Pvt. Ltd, Viacom 18 Media Pvt. Ltd, Multiscreen Media Pvt. Ltd, Zee Entertainment, Eenadu TV, Procter & Gamble, Godrej Consumer Products and others. Further, BARC has a Technical Committee and Sub Committees each for TV and Digital which too are predominantly comprised of the likes of Star India Pvt. Ltd and its subsidiaries. It is difficult to imagine that the country’s television audience measurement system is being controlled by select TV broadcasters, advertising agencies, pay TV channel aggregators and large FMCG companies – all having a direct stake in the outcomes and hence a strong motive to manipulate the ratings to their advantage.